Minimal access surgery is completed with one or more small incisions instead of one large incision. The surgeon guides a telescope with a video camera through a small incision in a body cavity. The surgeon then watches the operation on a television screen. The surgical instruments are then passed through other similar small incisions.
The surgeon examines and operates on the area in question by viewing magnified images on a television. When the telescope is used to operate on the abdomen, the procedure is called a laparoscopy. The procedure is called a thoracoscopy when used in the chest and arthroscopy when used in a joint.